Procedures for Participation of Students with Disabilities...

Procedures for Participation of Students with Disabilities in Virginia’s Accountability System A Guide for Educators and Parents Virginia Department of Education Updated April 2010 Table of Contents I II Definition of Students with Disabilities †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Description of Assessment Program A. Standards of Learning (SOL) Program †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. B. Virginia Grade Level Alternative (VGLA) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ C. Virginia Substitute Evaluation Program (VSEP) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. D. Virginia Alternate Assessment Program (VAAP) †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. APPENDIX†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Virginia Department of Education Procedures for Participation of Students with Disabilities in Virginia’s Accountability System This document†¦show more content†¦Decisions about participation in VSEP are made on a test-by-test and individual basis. D. Virginia Alternate Assessment Program (VAAP) The purpose of the VAAP is to evaluate the performance of students with significant cognitive disabilities. The VAAP is available to students in grades 3 through 8 and grade 11 who are working on academic standards that have been reduced in complexity and depth. Only students with significant cognitive disabilities who are eligible under IDEA 2004 and who meet the VAAP guidelines for participation may be assessed through the VAAP. Students will compile a collection of work samples, called a Collection of Evidence (COE) to demonstrate achievement on the Aligned Standards of Learning (ASOL).Students who participate in the VAAP participate in all content areas; participation decisions are made on an individual basis. III. Who Should Be Tested It is the intent of the Commonwealth of Virginia to include all students with disabilities in the assessment component of Virginia’s accountability system. The federal regulations under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act and state regulations under the Virginians with Disabilities Act, Section 51.5-40 et seq. of the Code of Virginia, require that individuals with disabilities be given equal opportunity to participate in and benefit from the policies and procedures customarily granted to all individuals. IDEA

Argumentative Essay On Christopher Columbus Day - 1630 Words

In 1492, Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean and discovered what we now know as the Americas†¦ or so it’s been taught. In all actuality, there were already Native people who had been living in the continents for thousands of years. Since 1937, the US has used this â€Å"discovery† as a holiday known as Columbus Day to celebrate a man who established the beginning of colonization of the New World. While Columbus did begin the colonization of the Americas, he was not the one who discovered them. History tends to be told from the privileged perspective which is why it’s taught that Columbus discovered these lands. The celebration of Columbus Day promotes the idea of colonization and the marginalization of Native Americans; people also believe it†¦show more content†¦In fact, he had reached the Taino island of Guanahani, which is now modern day San Salvador. Because Columbus believed he was in India, he named the Indigenous people, Native Indians. Wh ile he was not in India, the name of the Indigenous people remained. While some Natives today are okay with the term â€Å"American Indian†, some also believe that the term Indian is not okay because they are not from the country of India (Blackhorse, 2017). Whether or not the terminology is offensive, the moment Columbus landed, the establishment of marginalization and racism toward Indigenous people of the land began. Celebrating Columbus with Columbus day is essentially honoring racism. Racism is defined as prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against someone of a different race based on the belief that ones own race is superior. While it may not be super obvious today, there are offensive, discriminatory stereotypes and terms used against Natives today. One example is the use of the racial slur ‘Redskin’ as the mascot of the Washington NFL team. The racial slur was used during a time when people would be paid to kill Native Americans (referred to as Redskins) and this is representation of how those terms can be present in today’s society. As a country, Columbus Day is celebrated to commemorate the discovery of America and to honor the relationship between the US and Italy, but at what cost? The truth of Columbus’ influence onShow MoreRelatedArgumentative Essay On Columbus Day1400 Words   |  6 Pages#8577424 Argumentative Essay AP English 4B/ Jenkins October 3rd, 2017 Columbus Day: Celebrating Genocide, Rape, and Enslavement Since 1492 Columbus Day! The second Monday in October. A day celebrating Christopher Columbus, which everyone rejoices because no work! A cherished day off. However, keep in mind what we are celebrating on this day. The man who this day honors, celebrates, glorifies, is no hero. He did not discover America. He was not, in any way, a person who should be respected orRead MoreJake Carlson. 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Corporate Governance Principles of Westpac Group and OCBC Group

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Governance Principles of Westpac Group and OCBC Group. Answer: Introduction Corporate governance is defined as the system of rules, practices and procedures through which an organization is proscribed and regulated (Tricker, 2015). The corporate governance of an organization includes the balancing of the stakeholders interests of a firm like management, shareholders, suppliers, government, community, financiers and customers. In addition to this, the corporate governance also offers the framework in order to attain the objectives of the particular firm. It also encompasses the every sphere of administration, starting from interior controls and accomplishment plans to the disclosure of corporate and measurement of performance (McCahery, Sautner Starks, 2016). Generally, the board of directors is considered as the primary direct stakeholders that influences the corporate governance. However, it has been found that the corporate governance practices and principles vary with different countries, businesses and regulatory environments. In this assignment, two co mpanies of two different countries have been selected i.e. Westpac Group (a financial institution based in Australia) and OCBC Group (a financial institution based in Singapore) in order to analyze the similarities and differences between the corporate governance practices. Company Background Westpac Group Westpac Group was founded in the year 1817 as the Bank of New South Wales under a charter of incorporation that is provided by the Governor of the country ("Westpac Group | Westpac", 2016). It has been found that Westpac has a proud and long history as the oldest and the first bank of Australia. In the year 1982, in the month of October, the particular bank changed its name to Westpac Banking Corporation after the acquisition of the Commercial Bank of the specified country ("Westpac Group | Westpac", 2016). The vision of the particular organization is to become one of the famous service organizations across the world and also to help its customers, people and communities with the aim to grow and prosper. The strategy of the firm Westpac Group is to deliver on the firms vision by offering superior returns to the stockholders of the company, enduring customer relationships and building deep, being a place where best personnel want to work and being a leader in the community. Westpac Gr oup mainly focuses on the core markets of Australia, New Zealand and near Pacific, where the firm provides an inclusive variety of financial services and products in order to meet the customers demands. The Groups 5 key divisions include business bank, consumer bank, BT Financial group Australia, Westpac New Zealand and Westpac Institutional Bank ("Westpac Group | Westpac", 2016). OCBC Group The OCBC Bank Group of businesses in composed of several companies that are owned by the longest established local bank of Singapore. In the year 1932, the OCBC bank was established due to merger of three local banks and this OCBC bank is considered as the longest established bank of Singapore ("OCBC - Who we are - Group Business Overview", 2016). The objective of the organization OCBC bank is to understand the financial requirements of the customers and also to develop the financial solutions that are able to fulfill the needs. In order to address the increased diverse needs in various geographies and communities, the OCBC bank has acquired and expanded its business beyond the territory of commercial banking. It has been found that the particular company has been considered as the strongest bank in ASEAN and also among the five strongest banks across the world for five consecutive years that is since the inception of the ranking in the year 2011 ("OCBC - Who we are - Group Business Overview", 2016). Moreover, it can also be said that the particular company is considered as the second largest banking group in Singapore on the basis of its total assets. Corporate Governance Practices in Westpac Group As per the annual report of the company Westpac Group of the year 2015, it is important to understand and manage the social, environmental and corporate governance risks with the value chain of the firm ("Corporate governance | Westpac", 2016). The corporate governance approach of the particular firm is stood on a set of behaviors and values that emphasizes the daily activities and also to offer fair dealing and transparency and also aims to protect the interests of the stakeholders. The corporate governance approach of Westpac Group involves a commitment to excellence in the standards of governance. The management department of Westpac Group considers the particular corporate governance approach as the fundamental principle to the sustainability of the business and its performance (Westpac.com.au, 2016). This also involves the monitoring of the global and local developments in corporate governance and also to assess the implications of corporate governance. It can be said that the p articular firm Westpac Group complies with the Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations of the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) with the amendments of the year 2014 that were published by the Corporate Governance Council of the ASX Limited (ASXCGC) ("Corporate governance | Westpac", 2016). The particular firm has equity securities enlisted on the security exchanges in the United States, New Zealand and obviously in Australia. As per the corporate governance report of the firm Westpac Group, the particular firm not only get complied its corporate governance principles with the ASX Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations of ASXCGC but also complies with the Corporations Act ("Corporate governance | Westpac", 2016). In addition to this, Westpac Group also complies with the governance requirements as an ADI as prearranged by the APRA under the Governance (Prudential Standard CPS 510) ("Corporate governance | Westpac", 2016). The main structure of the corporate gove rnance statement of the organization Westpac Group is consisted of Governance framework, Board, committees and oversight of management, ethical and responsible decision-making, diversity, sustainability, financial reporting, market disclosure, shareholder participation and communication, risk management and remuneration. Corporate Governance Practices in OCBC Bank The corporate governance of OCBC Bank is similar to the Westpac Group as the principles of corporate governance are entirely committed to the fair dealing and integrity in all its activities. In addition to this, it also upholds the corporate governances highest standards. The firm has founded to adopt the practices of corporate governance in conformity with the Corporate Governance Regulations of the Banking sector, 2005, Banking (Corporate Governance) (Amendments) Regulations 2010 corporate governance guidelines (Ocbc.com, 2016). It has been found that all these corporate governance guidelines of the particular company OCBC Bank have been issued by the MAS (Monetary Authority of Singapore) (Ocbc.com, 2016). It has also been observed that the specified firm OCBC Bank follows the Code of Corporate Governance of the year 2012 of the Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited (Ocbc.com, 2016). The main structure of the corporate governance statement of the organization OCBC Bank is consisted of Board of Directors, Board Committees, Internal Audit function, internal controls, external auditor, Directors attendance at Board and Board Committee meetings, remuneration policy and share schemes. It also includes Remuneration disclosure for material risk takers and senior management, communication with shareholders, related party transactions, ethical standards and summary of disclosures. Therefore, it can be said that the components of the corporate governance statement of both the companies OCBC Bank and Westpac Group differ from each other, though some of the constituents are found to be similar. The corporate governance statement of OCBC Bank is composed of relatively several constituents, whereas, the corporate governance statement of Westpac Group is composed of relatively lesser number of constituents. In addition to this, the other difference that is found within the corporate governance statements of two different companies of two different countries are that each of the statements is prepared based on the guidelines of the respective countries. Reasons for Variation in Corporate Governance Practices It has been found that there are various types of corporate governance model across the world. These mainly differ due to the variety of capitalism where the principles, practices and guidelines of the corporate governance are embedded (Oecd.org, 2016). For instance, the Anglo-American model intends to put emphasis on the interests of the shareholders. On the other hand, the multi-stakeholders model or the coordinated model is related to the Continental Europe (Acharya et al., 2013). Additionally, the country Japan also puts importance on the interests of workers, suppliers, managers, community and customers with respect to the principles of corporate governance. The companies are developed as legal persons on the basis of regulations and laws of a specific jurisdiction (Claessens Yurtoglu, 2013). This might vary based on various aspects between the countries; however, the legal person status of a corporation is fundamental to all jurisdictions and is awarded by statute (Hermalin W eisbach, 2012). This might give rise to new principles or guidelines from general purpose legislation or from a statute of developing a specific corporation. All these lead to the development of corporate governance in various countries which are considered as a set of customs, laws, processes, policies and institutions that affects the way of regulating a corporation (Madanoglu Karadag, 2016). Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that the corporate governance involves the relationships between various stakeholders who are involved and the objectives for which a corporation is governed. In case of contemporary business corporations, the primary external stakeholder groups include the shareholders, trade creditors, debt holders, communities, suppliers and customers are mainly affected by the activities of the corporation. On the other hand, the internal stakeholders include executives, board of directors and other employees of the firm. Therefore, the basic principles of the corporate governance remain same for all the countries but some additional elements might be included on the basis of the rules and regulations of a particular country. References Acharya, V. V., Gottschalg, O. F., Hahn, M., Kehoe, C. (2013). Corporate governance and value creation: Evidence from private equity.Review of Financial Studies,26(2), 368-402. Claessens, S., Yurtoglu, B. B. (2013). Corporate governance in emerging markets: A survey.Emerging markets review,15, 1-33. Corporate governance | Westpac. (2016).Westpac.com.au. Retrieved 26 August 2016, from https://www.westpac.com.au/about-westpac/westpac-group/corporate-governance/?wbc-vnty=www.westpac.com.au/corpgov Hermalin, B. E., Weisbach, M. S. (2012). Information disclosure and corporate governance.The Journal of Finance,67(1), 195-233. Madanoglu, M., Karadag, E. (2016). Corporate governance provisions and firm financial performance: the moderating effect of deviation from optimal franchising.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,28(8). McCahery, J. A., Sautner, Z., Starks, L. T. (2016). Behind the scenes: The corporate governance preferences of institutional investors.The Journal of Finance. OCBC - Who we are - Group Business Overview. (2016).Ocbc.com. Retrieved 26 August 2016, from https://www.ocbc.com/group/who-we-are/group-business.html Ocbc.com. (2016).Ocbc.com. Retrieved 26 August 2016, from https://www.ocbc.com/assets/pdf/annual%20reports/2015/ocbc_ar2015_full_report_english.pdf Oecd.org. (2016).Oecd.org. Retrieved 26 August 2016, from https://www.oecd.org/daf/ca/Corporate-Governance-Principles-ENG.pdf Tricker, B. (2015).Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices. Oxford University Press, USA. Westpac Group | Westpac. (2016).Westpac.com.au. Retrieved 26 August 2016, from https://www.westpac.com.au/about-westpac/westpac-group/ Westpac.com.au. (2016).Westpac.com.au. Retrieved 26 August 2016, from https://www.westpac.com.au/content/dam/public/wbc/documents/pdf/aw/ic/Bookmarked_-_WBC_AR2015_000106_02112015_FINAL_v_03_Low_Res.pdf

Kin Mind and Body Essay Sample free essay sample

The head and organic structure connexion is what drives my doctrine in kinesiology. Working with jocks to heighten their public presentation through psychological guidance is an fantastic calling. Would you like to prosecute a calling to assist people and spread out their athletic experience? Sports play a really dynamic and polar function in our society and should wish to be a portion of that industry in the most positive manner you can. It is necessary to develop both the head and organic structure for peak public presentation. Success in athleticss requires your head and your organic structure and as an jock it is really of import to hold a clear mental image of what it is you are endeavoring for. Sports psychological science can be defined as the survey and application of the attitudes and behaviours of jocks ( including squad jocks ) that impact ( either positively or negatively ) public presentation in athleticss or competitory scenes. We will write a custom essay sample on Kin Mind and Body Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In America. athletics psychology’s roots day of the month back to the late 19th and early twentieth centuries when several psychologists started carry oning sports-related surveies. The first North American athleticss psychologist is from Indiana University named Norman Triplett. Triplett was the first research worker to corroborate that bicyclers sometimes rode faster when they raced in groups or braces than when they rode entirely ( Davis. S. F 2009 pg. 98-115 ) . Coleman Griffith of the University of Illinois established the first athleticss psychological science research lab in North America in 1925. Griffith researched the effects on athletic public presentation with factors such as. â€Å"reaction clip. mental consciousness. muscular tenseness and relaxation and personality. † He so published two books. the first The Psychology of Coaching ( 1926 ) first book published in the field of athletics psychological science. His 2nd book was. The Psychology of Athletes ( 1928 ) ( Hoffman. 2005. pg242 ) . Griffith’s research lab closed in 1932 due to the economic downswing of The Great Depression. A impermanent interruption took topographic point in athletics psychology’s development because of The Great Depression. World War II and the Korean War. In 1960. the population growing of the babe roar coevals caused the rapid development of physical instruction sections. Many colleges and universities began to offer classs in athletics psychological science. Norman Triplett and Coleman Griffith were to chief people who started athleticss psychological science and society witnessed a rapid rush in its growing approaching the 1950’s Pay ranges vary well within athleticss psychological science based on preparation. instruction. and country of specialisation. Harmonizing to the Occupational Outlook Handbook published by the U. S. Department of Labor. mean wages for clinical and reding psychologists range between $ 41. 850 and $ 71. 880. The average wage for university module places was $ 55. 000 in a 2001 salary study by the American Psychological Association ( APA ) . Some top athleticss psychologists earn six-figure wages working as advisers for professional jocks. but most earn a more modest income. Sport psychological science offers plentifulness of preparation plans but really few train pupils to go practicing athleticss psychologists who see clients. Those that do offer these selective plans are graduate degree classs ( master/doctoral ) . A PhD in Clinical Psychology and Master’s degree counsellor. with preparation in athletics psychological science is needed. There is no set calling way for being a athletics psychologist once they graduate. It is largely up to that individual of what way they will take to prosecute their calling. A calling in athletics psychological science requires mental focal point. goal-setting. creativeness. and concentration. A typical agenda would non be for a athleticss psychologist ; this is non a 9-5 occupation. A athletics psychologist hours and workplace can change depending on the athletics and degree of competition. A workplace can be at a university. secondary school. infirmary and office. Most elect jocks recommend their psychologist to go with them. Traveling during the twenty-four hours is a regular property for athletics psychologist. Working with an single can take topographic point during a pattern session. Working hours must be flexible and are largely schedule around competition. Some athleticss psychologists work full clip with professional athleticss squads but this can be a really competitory place to acquire. Determining their workplace and hours can state a batch about a typical work twenty-four hours. A typical twenty-four hours for a athletics psychologist is chiefly assisting an jock set effectual ends. Most yearss they have to maintain up to day of the month with literature and the best patterns in their field. Planing workshops for managers and jocks can take a whole work twenty-four hours to form. Most yearss may dwell of assisting jocks with psychological jobs such as public presentation sweetening. end puting injury recovery and so on. A regular twenty-four hours for a athletics psychologist is to demo athletes how a mental and emotional province can play a immense consequence on their public presentation. Today athletics psychological science occupations handiness is mean. New psychologist come ining this field will hold a huge chance to happen employment. Jobs are available at the master’s and bachelor’s degree but those with a doctorial grade will hold the best result for happening work. Recessions in professional sports will lag concern every twelvemonth. The handiness to acquire employed may be determined on the location and experiences the psychologists have. U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics studies that the occupation growing in this field is expected to turn by 12 per centum from 2008 to 2018. Employment is expected to turn as more and more people seek psychological services. This proves handiness for occupation gaps is really high. The head and organic structure is a really powerful one. For everything you think in your head. your organic structure has a reaction regardless of whether it is existent or imagined. For illustration. have you of all time had a bad dream? Normally. you will wake up and your bosom is rushing. you are sudating and really agitated. even though you were resting in slumber. But. in your head there was something bad traveling on and your organic structure was responding to it. That is an illustration of how strong the connexion is between your head and organic structure. Sport psychological science is something that every squad needs including the coaching staff. Sport psychological science involves fixing the head of an jock. merely as one prepares the organic structure. â€Å"The end of athleticss psychological science is to assist jocks and squads identify unhealthy attitudes and beliefs. use mental stamina accomplishments and peak public presentation schemes to execute at high levels † harmonizing to cardinal constructs to feature psychological science.

Ethical dilemmas Essay Example

Ethical dilemmas Essay In this essay I shall begin to justify how an ethical approach to providing support can benefit individuals and use examples to evaluate two potential dilemmas which could be faced by staff involved with the delivery of care in day to day working. When working in a health and social care environment, there are various professionals that are often faced in day to day working of situations to which involve moral dilemmas which means that it is crucially important for each professional to have a clear understanding of morality and what moral decisions are and how they are linked to the practice of health and social care. Not only this, but health and social care professionals also need to have a good understanding of their legal position and the morals and ethics that are a foundation of their professional code of practice which is extremely important in terms of occasions whereby a service user may refuse medical treatment or decides on a course of treatment which may not be beneficial for them in terms of their best interests. When these situations arise, legislation and professional codes of practice must be implemented and used as valuable guidance for the professional to follow as well as numerous other ethical points. For example, when working with vulnerable service users, all health and social care professionals have a duty of care to protect their own rights. If there is a proposed course of action or proposed treatment which could be harmful to a service user then the professional will have to weigh up the advantages and disadvantages for example, a cancer patient who normally are advised to undergo courses of chemotherapy or radiotherapy however this treatment also has harmful side effects, but the benefits of this type of therapy would outweigh the harm caused by the side effects of the treatment and therefore the treatment would normally be undertaken. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical dilemmas specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical dilemmas specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical dilemmas specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Health and Social Care providers also have the responsibility to ensure that the environments can safeguard vulnerable adults which includes recruiting new staff and providing resources to ensure that the service users needs are met. Situations can arise however, whereby behaviour or actions of one individual could harm another in the service and this could be an individual with mental health problems who might become violent to someone. If this case does arise then the social care professionals must follow the services policies and procedures and if the behaviour of the individual is likely to result in significant harm to themselves or others then the individual will have to be restrained. These policies and procedures underlined from the mental capacity Act (2005) are guidelines which provide the knowledge for the health and social care professional, relating to the degree of harm which is likely to be suffered by the individual or others if the individual is not restrained. This action is to promote the wellbeing of the individual and others and is known as beneficence to which in medical context means that taking action will serve the best interest of patients to which the professionals have a duty to protect and to act in such ways for each individuals best interests. Another way to which this can be illustrated is through the effectiveness and the cost of treatment whereby the professionals have to weigh up benefits to the loss of the money to which they would be making. The ethical principles however such as independence and rights, empowerment, beneficence, safeguarding, autonomy, dignity, duty, morals and independence all have to be looked at when this decision is being made and all individuals should be fully aware of their rights and should also have equal access to medical treatment. Empowering the individual means that they are ensured that they know enough information to make an informed choice about certain decisions that can affect their quality of life and helps the individual to have control in their lives. Vulnerable people in health and social care services can sometimes rely on professionals to ensure their independence and it is important that these professionals empower the individuals to influence their independence and dont use benevolent oppression to make decisions for individuals in their care. Examples of benevolent oppression include not allowing the individual to have relationships, limiting their alcohol intake, not allowing the individual to have privacy, preventing the individual with disabilities to go out on their own, choosing activities which are acceptable for them and not giving them any choice and not providing recourses which will promote independence and autonomy. Examples of a potential ethical dilemmas which could be faced by an individual includes an individual in a care facility disclosing that they are being abused by one of the care workers and pleads to another care worker to not tell anybody else. However the right of confidentiality conflicts with the right to be protected from harm and therefore the care worker has a dilemma whether to follow through the individuals rights of confidentiality or to report the abuse to protect the individual from harm. In this care the care worker should report the other care worker to not only protect that individual who was subject to abuse but others which may also be being abused yet have not spoken out to anybody. Another example includes religion and cultural beliefs, this could include Jehovahs witnesses who by their religion do not agree with blood transfusions and therefore in situations whereby they are in hospital and require a blood transfusion to survive, the rights and duties of the professional may also conflict with those of the individuals who requires the blood transfusion and a decision will have to be made for the best course of action. In this case although the ethical morals of the professional will need to be understood, the service users religious needs will have to be met and the blood transfusion would not be able to be undertaken unless the individual signs for confirmation or if they are not in the right state at that moment in time that an advocate is there to sign on behalf of their needs. Thirdly two individuals which are living in supported tenancy in the community who have learning disabilities have become close in the last few months and have started hugging and holding hands yet when one of the individuals reveals this to a support worker the support worker begins to get concerned and discusses the situation with their supervisor who then restricted the two individuals outings so that they can no longer be together without telling the individuals. In this case the support worker believes that she is protecting the two individuals however it is evident that that these two individuals are not being allowed their independence and this is affecting both of their quality of lives. This is an example of benevolent oppression and it is evident that the support worker and the professionals working with should be more aware of ethical principles. In this case I believe that the two learning disability individuals should have been spoken to and the matter should have been discussed with them first before any action was implemented. Keeping the individuals out of the loop prevented them from having a say in their care and they were not allowed the independence to choose how they spend their life and who they spend their life with. In conclusion ethical principles are a key part in the delivery of patient care and each service needs to have the appropriate policies and procedures for guidelines on how the professionals should act when ethical dilemmas arise. There are numerous benefits of delivering care in an ethical approach for reasons such as the individuals independence and rights are respected and taken into account, the individual is empowered and therefore feels confident in the fact that they have the power to say what happens in their care and how they live their life. Other reasons include factors such as the individuals dignity will be respected which will rise their self-concept and they wont feel like a waste of space who isnt able to care for themselves and instead will feel respected and cared for.

Touching Spirit Bear Character Essay Essays

Touching Spirit Bear Character Essay Essays Touching Spirit Bear Character Essay Paper Touching Spirit Bear Character Essay Paper Cole is a fifteen-year-old boy who gets into trouble a lot. His father abuses him, which causes a lot of anger. His mother is an alcoholic and did not care about Cole as much as she should. Throughout the novel, Touching Spirit Bear by Ben Mikaelsen, Cole learns more about his conflicts, while healing them at the same time. Cole has many internal conflicts including fear, anger, and loneliness throughout the novel. The first internal conflict is anger. Cole’s father abused him, which created stress and anger inside of him. This anger causes Cole to commit crimes. Cole robbed and trashed a hardware store. Peter, a boy at Cole’s school, found out that Cole did this act of violence. So, Peter told on Cole. Cole found out, in which he got very angry and mad. Instead of confronting Peter, Cole decided to smash Peter’s head against the sidewalk, very hardly. Once Cole was sent to the island of Drake in Alaska, Cole felt depressed and angry at the same time. Cole eventually burnt down his cabin. One last example of anger is dealing with the Spirit Bear. The Spirit Bear was calmly looking at Cole. Cole realized that this bear was not afraid of him. So, Cole let out his anger and tried to kill the bear. Instead of Cole hurting the bear, the bear mauled Cole. Cole was on the ground, almost dying for about three days. Even though Cole seems like a person who is not afraid of anything, there is actually some fear built somewhere in his body. Another internal conflict is fear. Cole was a little frightened by the Spirit Bear. So, he needed control and power and teased the bear. Instead of everything working out his way, the bear attacked Cole, leaving plenty of brutal scars and pain in almost every inch of his body. After the bear mauled Cole, he felt, and looked like he was dying. Cole realized he was afraid to die. So, Cole did everything he could do to stay alive. For instance, he ate grass, killed a mouse for food, and ate almost every moving bug he could see. Lastly, Cole had a dream while he was in the hospital. Cole’s dream was everyone was taking care of him. Including Garvey and Edwin. Suddenly, all of the people helping him turned into monsters and were laughing at him. Cole felt like there was a lack of others caring about him. Not only did Cole have fear and anger, but he also felt lonely. Garvey and Edwin taught Cole how to dance ‘animal dances’. These animal dances are supposed to educate people what animals can teach them. In once case, Cole danced the Whale Dance. After the Whale Dance, Cole learned that whales travel around, but have no home, just like him. During Christmas-time on the island, Cole felt like nobody cared about him. So, he cut down a tree and celebrated Christmas all alone. Cole always needed to have the attention. Since Cole felt lonely and depressed, he committed crimes to have the attention back on him again. These many internal conflicts, including fear, anger, and loneliness, happen throughout most of Cole’s life. Cole may seem like every other juvenile delinquent, but throughout this book, he overcomes these conflicts. Peter actually goes on the island with Cole. After a while, they become friends. The second time Cole goes back on the island, he takes extra precautions and does not burn down the cabin. In fact, Cole had to build a whole new one. Whenever he saw the Spirit Bear, he let go of his anger to the Spirit Bear. His anger, fear, and loneliness are still a problem to Cole, but he is now able to fight his difficulties.

Argue whether or not paying students for good grades is the best Essay

Argue whether or not paying students for good grades is the best motivational tool - Essay Example This means that the school and educational system should seek appropriate ways for motivating their students. In some instances, parents and school provide money for good grades. Intrinsic motivation is the best approach of motivation among students since it promotes self-drive and hard work, qualities which are beneficial for the life of a student in the long term. Grades should reflect the intrinsic values of education and learning. This means that education and learning should not be viewed as work that requires payment after the accomplishment of agreed objectives. This does not mean that education is not tied to work. Education is tied to work because it leads to work that rewards on monetary basis (Rosenbaum 4). Though money for grades is a motivational tool, it is not an effective motivational tool because it is not based on the actual capabilities of the student. In addition, the monetary value attached to grades is not relative to the nature of the examination. This is becau se examinations are not standardized and they vary with years or school sessions. Money for grades diminishes the real value of the educational system. In this case, students do not study with the aim of gaining theoretical experiences, but they study with their focus on the examination. The student do not prepare adequately for class work, and in most case, they do not participate in schoolwork (Rosenbaum 7). There only focus in the school environment is to pass the examinations and not to gain the aspects of education that can create an effective platform for their education. Paying student for good grades should be discouraged since it may lead to cheating. In the scenario that parents or other stakeholder resort to give monetary rewards for students in order to encourage good grades, the students will link academic success with financial incentives (Wiseman and Hunt 62). For instance, a parent may give $10 for As, $5 for Bs and $3 for Cs (Rosenbaum 2). In average, students who t hen keep their grades above 90 earn the equivalent of $15 each month (Ivanova 1). This will have a detrimental effect on the students since it will influence the learning process negatively. The students will be preoccupied with attaining the financial incentive. This may lead to frustrations for the students when they do not achieve the required threshold in their academic work. In such instances, the student may resort to shortcuts in order to enhance their academic performance. This urges may encourage cheating in order to achieve good grades. This will impede the learning process rather than encourage the child to acquire new knowledge. This means that children should be encouraged to seek academic success intrinsically as opposed to external motivations like cash rewards (Wiseman and Hunt 62). Students who are intrinsically motivated to study will be able to achieve good grades without cheating. These students will be aware that the skills learned in school are essential for th eir future in the society and career wise. Therefore, if cash incentives are involved, the student’s motivation will be blurred and it will be majored on financial incentives. Offering financial rewards for good performance will have a negative effect on the values of the student. Education has the role to shape the morals and values of an individual. This means that a student should be able to pick positive behaviors and